|
Bibliography:
EU defence and security
Amongst
the most significant texts are:
1993: Treaty
on European Union.
Title V (Articles 11-28) is the legal basis for the Common Foreign and
Security Policy (CFSP). Article 17
(as amended by the Treaty
of Amsterdam) commits the
Union
to "the progressive framing of a common defence policy
… which might lead to a common defence".
allows for the possibility of a 'common defence policy' leading to a 'common
defence'.
1999: The
December Helsinki
European Council decided
that the Union should have sufficient military and non-military capabilities to
intervene in humanitarian and rescue tasks, peacekeeping and crisis management
(the so-called 'Petersberg Tasks', identified in the Western European Union's
1992 Petersberg
Declaration) and agreed that, by 2003, the EU should have a Rapid Reaction
Force of up to 60,000 troops to undertake such work.
The agreement forms the
Union
's Helsinki Headline
Goal.
2000: The June
2000 Feira
European Council stated that "Improving European military capabilities
remains central to the credibility and effectiveness of the Common European
Security and Defence Policy." The
December 2000 Nice
European Council agreed to establish the Political
and Security Committee (PSC), the European
Union Military Committee (EUMC), and the European
Union Military Staff Organisation (EUMS).
2001: the Brussels
Extraordinary European Council of September 2001 approved a plan of action
to combat terrorism. The October
2001 Informal
Ghent Summit issued a Declaration on the follow-up to the 11 September
terrorist attacks in the
United States
and the fight against terrorism.
2001: A
Capabilities Improvement Conference was held in November 2001, at which EU
Defence Ministers agreed a 'European Capability Action Plan'; a Statement
on Improving European Military Capabilities was subsequently issued by the
General Affairs Council. The
December 2001 Laeken
European Council announced that the
Union
"is now able to conduct some crisis-management operations."
A 'Declaration on the operational capability of the common European
Security and Defence Policy' (Annex II of the Presidency
Conclusions).
2003: The Rapid
Reaction Force was deployed for the first time, in 'Operation Concordia': the EU
Military Operation in former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM),
launched
31 March 2003
and (re-)scheduled to end
15 December 2003
. It was followed by 'Operation
Artemis', the EU Military
Operation in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which was the
Union
's first military venture outside
Europe
(June-September 2003).
2003:
12.09.03 Council
Decision 2003/646/EC implementing Article 2(3) of Regulation (EC) 2580/2001
on specific restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities
with a
view to combating terrorism and repealing Decision 2003/480/EC
(OJ L229, 13.09.03)
2003: 12.09.03 Council
Common Position 2003/651/CFSP updating Common Position 2001/931/CFSP
on the application of specific measures to combat terrorism and repealing Common
Position 2003/482/CFSP
(OJ L229, 13.09.03)
Other
useful sources include:
Council
of the European Union
website:
-
Common
Foreign and Security Policy
Basic
concepts - includes What is the Common Foreign and Security Policy /
European Security and Defence Policy? How
is the CFSP implemented?
EU
military structures
Military
Capabilities Commitment Declaration
Javier Solana,
Secretary-General /High representative for the CFSP
CFSP
Statements (press releases)
General Affairs and External Relations (press releases)
European Council: Presidency
Conclusions.
Europa,
the European Union's main website, managed by the European Commission, which
includes:
SCADPlus:
The common foreign
and security policy: introduction, The
Amsterdam Treaty: a Comprehensive Guide: An effective and coherent external
policy. Common Foreign and Security Policy.
11.03.03:
COM(2003)113 Communication
... European Defence - Industrial and Market Issues: Towards an EU Defence
Equipment Policy
Europarl
- the European Parliament website:
2002:
11.09.02: Report
on the progress achieved in the implementation of the common foreign and
security policy A5-0296/2002. (Includes
sections on 'Progress in European Security and Defence policy', 'Foreign and
Security Policy priorities in EU crisis management', 'Progress in ESDP').
Official
Journal of the European Union
(previously "of the European
Communities"), available in the EDC in the Brotherton Library and
online via EUR-Lex.
Additional
useful sources on EU defence and security:
Centre
for European Security and Disarmament
Homepage ('Latest
information' is current, but publications / documentation sections aren't)
European
Defence
Homepage
Features Archive
(includes 'Major Milestones In European Security', 'New Roles In European
Security' and others)
European
Union Institute for Security Studies
Created in July 2001, the EUISS is intended to "help create a common
European security culture, to enrich the strategic debate, and systematically to
promote the interests of the
Union
."
Homepage
Analysis
Publications
House
of Lords: European Union
Select Committee: List
of sub-committees (Sub-Committee F is responsible for Home Affairs); List
of Reports.
2003: 30.07.03 Current
Developments in European Foreign Policy (37th Report)
2003: 10.07.03 Proposals
for a European Border Guard (29th Report)
2003: 05.03.03 EU
Effective in a Crisis? (7th Report)
2002: 07.02.02 The
European Policy on Security and Defence, Volume 1: Report (11th
Report)
2001: 15.11.01 Counter
Terrorism: The European Arrest Warrant (6th Report)
2000: 12.12.00 The
Common European Policy on Security and Defence - an update (1st
Report)
NATO
(
North Atlantic
Treaty Organisation)
Homepage
On-line library
Evolution of the ESDI
NATO-WEU Cooperation
NATO-EU Relations
Hitting the Helsinki Headline Goal
Strengthening European Security and Defence Capabilities
Creation of a common forum to discuss NATO and EU defence matters
New Defence Agenda.
"A common platform for discussing NATO and EU Defence and Security
policies", launched in May 2002 (website being developed)
NATO
Parliamentary Assembly
Homepage
Report: NATO and the European Security and Defence Policy
Report: NATO enlargement
Draft Report: The transatlantic Defence Relationship after September 11, 2001
Publications
Organisation
for Security and Co-operation in
Europe
(OSCE)
Homepage
Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
Documents
Publications
Special
Coordinator of the Stability Pact for
South Eastern Europe
Homepage
Western
European Union (WEU)
"The Interparliamentary European Security and Defence Assembly"
Homepage
Assembly of the WEU
- Documents
|
