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Introduction

Display screen equipment (DSE) or visual display units (VDUs) have become indispensable in the University workplace. The majority of staff and students use computing equipment so it is important that they can do so with minimal risk to their health and safety. To ensure this, we must consider numerous factors including information, supervision and training on using the equipment, the facilities provided, the working environment and the equipment itself.

A number of hazards are associated with prolonged DSE work and this document provides information on how to control those risks. The most common problems are musculoskeletal problems (including work related upper limb disorders or WRULDs, which used to be referred to as repetitive strain injury or RSI), visual fatigue and stress. Consideration must also be given to potential risks to women who are pregnant or new mothers.

Many studies have investigated the effects of using VDUs, and the factors that influence health and safety are known to include:

  • Ergonomics
  • Posture
  • Various environmental factors
  • Work schedules and routines:
    - Frequency
    - Duration
    - Intensity
    - Pace of periods of continuous DSE work

The regulations typically apply to computer equipment with a monitor (including cathode ray tube or liquid crystal display); however most types of display are covered. See the definition of display screen equipment for more detailed information.

These standards provide information on the best working procedures for DSE use.

The legislation

The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 came into force on the 1st January 1993. The regulations implement a European directive, No. 90/270/EEC of the 29th May 1990, on minimum health and safety requirements for work with DSE.

The requirements of the Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 are in addition to the general duties placed on employers by other health and safety legislation including their obligations under the Health and Safety at Work Act etc.1974 and other associated regulations including three other sets relevant to all or most workplaces:

  • The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (e.g. the assessment of risk)
  • The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (e.g. environmental factors, sufficient lighting and its suitability)
  • The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (e.g. the suitability of work equipment.)

The Health and Safety Executive has produced a user-friendly guide to give advice on using VDUs, as well as guidance on the regulations. You can read the guide here.