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case materials are a particularly useful tool or interface to help develop
students' key skills whilst teaching the academic subject. Practitioners
agree it is important to teach key skills in the context of the academic
subject in order that students remain interested and value the skills. The
use of active learning strategies involved in these activities supports
a broad range of learning styles making the curriculum more accessible to
some students. Materials will typically involve students working in teams,
and applying a range of personal and interpersonal skills such as team working,
information handling, problem identification, creative problem solving,
negotiation and action planning within a fixed time frame.
Interactive case materials are materials that are participative, degree
subject based within a workplace setting.
They:
- are based as closely as possible on workplace situations and issues
(in business, government, industry or the voluntary sector).
- enable students to acquire academic knowledge.
- are active and participative in style (providing students with opportunity
for personal development, in particular developing key skills).
Interactive case materials will usually require students to learn about
background academic theory and practice on the way to achieving the set
task. The output required may often be in the form of a presentation,
a report produced by a group working together, a video or a website.
As well as providing some of the learning situations of the workplace,
interactive case materials provide additional dimensions.
These include:
- learning about various employment sectors, situations and a variety
of themes and functions in work.
- motivating a range of skills development including interpersonal
skills learning;
- demonstrating the application of academic learning.
- providing opportunity to extend student knowledge of workplaces.
- broadening career horizons.
- enforces problem solving within a specified time frame.
When interactive case materials are delivered as part of the curriculum:
- student learning can be assessed and accredited.
- student learning can be debriefed through a supported process.
- a wider variety of approaches to learning and teaching is involved.
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Interactive case materials can be developed within a partnership of academic
staff and employers and provide:
- employers with an understanding of teaching issues.
- academic staff in universities with a greater awareness of workplace
issues.
Other advantages of using interactive case materials include:
- the ability to cope with large numbers of students.
- a high quality experience because materials are developed and can
be tested and then refined.
- students face realistic constraints: time, resources, changing conditions,
imperfect information.
- a gain in student confidence from a practical approach.
Interactive case materials and other ways of providing work experience
are complementary and, when used together, provide the full range of learning
outcomes which might also include:
- student confidence in being able to 'do the job';
- student development of networks of contacts in the world of work.
Staff actively engaged in key skills work often report that students
consider skills development of lesser importance than learning academic
content. In response, a number of techniques have been used to motivate
students in this kind of experiential learning:
- Clear communication at the outset and at the end of an exercise about
the intended learning outcomes and the importance of these to the students'
progress in their academic and professional careers. Skills learning
outcomes should appear in the documentation describing modules to students.
- Using employers at the beginning and/or end of an activity. The most
successful tactic seems to be to invite past students of the department
who are now employed in a particular sector relevant to the activity
to describe the process of establishing themselves in their career and
the importance of key skills. Employers can also be used in helping
to assess student presentations and can be persuaded to offer prize
money if the task is competitive.
- High quality debriefing strategies that involve students in careful
reflection on their skills development and other learning from the exercise.
This should ideally involve both plenary discussion and personal reflective
writing by the student. The link to personal development planning should
be made explicit.
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